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Kienbock's Disease Classification

Lichtman Classification (Lichtman DM, JBJS 59A;899:1977).
Stage 1 Stage 2
Stage 3A Stage 3B
Stage 4

Stage 1

  • The lunate appears normal on xray or there may be a nondisplaced fracture; MRI demonstrates loss of signal consistent with osteonecrosis.
  • Treatment: spinting, activity modifications, NSAIDs
  • Consider ulnar lengthening or radial shortening for patients with negative ulnar variane.

°

    Stage 2

    • Increased lunate radiodensity without loss of contour; lunate not collapsed.
    • Treatment: 4 + 5 extensor compartmental vascularized bone graft. (Moran CL, J Hand Surg 2005;30A:50).

    Stage 3A

    • Increased lunate radiodensity and fragmentation without loss of carpal height.
    • Treatment: 4 + 5 extensor compartmental vascularized bone graft. (Moran CL, J Hand Surg 2005;30A:50).
    • Consider scaphocapitate arthrodesis, or scaphotrapeziotrapezoid arthrodesis

    Stage 3B

    • Lunate fragmentation with proximal migration of the capitate and rotation of the scaphoid.
    • Treatment: scaphocapitate arthrodesis, or scaphotrapeziotrapezoid arthrodesis
    • Consider Proximal row carpectomy

    Stage 4

    • Lunate severely collapsed and fragmented, secondary arthritic changes in the wrist.
    • Treatment: Proximal row carpectomy.
    • Consider: scaphocapitate arthrodesis, and scaphotrapeziotrapezoid arthrodesis.
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