Ankle Physical Exam
| Inspection Anterior Inspection Posterior Range of Motion Squeze Test External Rotation Test |
Ankle Circumduction Test |
| Inspection Anterior | |
| Inspection Posterior | |
| Range of Motion | |
| Squeeze Test: indicates syndesmotic injury. | |
| External Rotation Test | |
| Thompson's Test = squeeze calf muscle with pt prone, feet extended off end of table. The foot plantar flexes if tendon is intact. No foot movement = ruptured Achilles. (Thompson TC, J Trauma 1962:2:126) | |
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O'Brien Needle Test = 25-gauge needle inserted must medial to the midline 10cm proximal to the superior border of the calcaneous. Foot is passively dorsi/plantar flexed. Needle movement in the opposite direction of the foot indicates the tendon is intact. No movement = postive test = Achilles tendon completely ruptured. Positive Thompson test with negative O'Brien test indicates parital rupture of the musculotendinous junction of theGastrocnemius. (O'Brien T, JBJS 1984;66A:1099). |
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Hyperdosiflexion Sign = with patient prone and both knee flexed 90º, maximal passive dorsiflexion demonstrates increased dorsiflexion in patients with ruptured Achilles Tendon. |
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Anterior Drawer Test: Positive test indicates anterior talofibular ligament rupture. |
| Ankle Circumduction test: Indicates Peroneal tendon instability. | |
| Malleolar percussion Test: Indicates medial or lateral malleolus ankle fracture. |
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